Japanese Business Emails: A Guide to “Cushion Phrases” with Examples for Requests, Refusals, and Reminders
“I sent an email, but I haven’t heard back…” “I tried to be polite, but I’m worried I sounded a bit cold…” Have you ever felt this way while working with Japanese companies?
In Japanese business etiquette, there is a concept called “Cushion Words” (Kushon Kotoba). At first, they might seem like a roundabout way of speaking. However, in Japan, these phrases play a vital role in building trust and maintaining harmony.
In this article, we’ll explore why “Cushion Words” make your work go smoother and provide practical email templates you can use right away.
Let’s master the art of writing business emails that truly resonate with your heart.
This article is for those who:
- Want to master Japanese “Cushion Phrases.”
- Aim to write polite, professional business emails.
- Want to learn how to use these phrases correctly.
\Japanese business etiquette/
「日本で働くためのビジネス基礎講座」

Why are “Cushion Phrases” necessary?

Many Japanese learners might wonder, “Why use such long, polite expressions before getting to the main point?”
In languages like English, getting straight to the point is often seen as an “efficient and valuable business skill.”
However, in Japanese business communication, “Cushion Phrases” are essential tools for building and maintaining smooth interpersonal relationships.
Risks of Being Direct
Japan is a “High-context” culture, where people often rely on shared understanding and context rather than just words.
Because of this, stating your requests too bluntly can come across as “harsh,” “cold,” or even “aggressive” to the recipient.
For example, imagine you need someone to revise a document.
If you send: “Please revise the document.” While grammatically correct, the recipient might feel like their work is being rejected or that they are being barked at with an order.
Adding a “Cushion Phrase” helps to soften that “impact.”
Respectful Distance

Cushion phrases function to maintain a respectful “psychological distance” between you and the recipient. In business, you often have to make requests or give answers that might not meet the other person’s expectations.
By “anticipating” the other person’s situation (their workload, schedule, or feelings) and putting it into words, you send a clear message: “I understand and respect your circumstances.”
- “I am sorry to trouble you while you are busy, but…” (お忙しいところ恐縮ですが) = I recognize that you are busy.
- “I would truly appreciate your support…” (お力添えをいただきたいのですが) = I am relying on your expertise and abilities.
By including these respectful words before the main point, you create a positive atmosphere that makes it easier for the recipient to accept your request or refusal.
Bridging the Cultural Gap
In global business, it goes without saying that “speed” and “efficiency” are prioritized.
However, when dealing with Japanese companies, focusing solely on efficiency can ironically slow down the process of building a “trusting relationship.”
In Japan, “work efficiency” includes the idea of avoiding unnecessary trouble or emotional friction by not making the other person feel uncomfortable.
By mastering cushion phrases, you will earn trust as a professional who understands Japanese business culture and shows genuine consideration for others.
Cushion phrases may seem like a “detour,” but they are actually the shortest path to reaching your destination—obtaining agreement and cooperation.
Basic Cushion Phrases
Cushion phrases are generally divided into three main categories: Requests, Refusals, and Confirmations. Here are the most commonly used phrases for each situation.
Requests
In Japanese business etiquette, when asking for a favor, it is standard practice to acknowledge that you are “taking up the other person’s time.”
| Phrase (Japanese) | Nuance & Usage |
| お忙しいところ恐縮ですが | The most common phrase. Used when requesting something while assuming the person is busy. |
| お手数をおかけしますが | Used when you feel apologetic about causing the other person extra work or trouble. |
| ご多忙とは存じますが | A more formal version of “お忙しいところ~.” Suitable for superiors or external clients. |
| 差し支えなければ | Used to show consideration, meaning “If you don’t mind” or “I hope this isn’t too personal.” |
Avoid using “~してください” (Please do…) after these phrases. The expression “~してください” can sound a bit too strong or demanding in a formal business context.
【Examples】
- お忙しいところ恐縮ですが、ご対応いただきますでしょうか(I apologize for troubling you while you are busy, but could you please look into this?)
- お手数をおかけしますが、ご修正いただきますようお願いいたします。 (I am sorry for the extra trouble, but I kindly ask for your assistance in making the revisions.)
Declines
In Japan, when you cannot meet someone’s expectations, you should avoid saying “I can’t” or “No” too directly.Instead, start with a cushion phrase to convey the nuance of: “I would like to help, but unfortunately…”
| Phrase (Japanese) | Nuance & Usage |
| あいにくですが | Used to report a situation that doesn’t meet expectations (e.g., out of stock, already booked). |
| せっかくのお申し出ですが | Used when declining an invitation or a proposal. It acknowledges the other person’s kindness or effort. |
| 大変心苦しいのですが | A phrase used when you truly feel bad about declining and want to show deep regret. |
| ご期待に沿えず恐縮ですが | Used when declining a request or when you cannot deliver the desired results. |
your refusal with a positive forward-looking phrase. Adding a sentence like the ones below makes the interaction much smoother.
- またの機会に、よろしくお願いいたします。 (I hope we can work together on another occasion.)
- また何かございましたら、お気軽るにご連絡ください。 (Please feel free to contact me again if there is anything else.)
Follow-ups
When asking questions or confirming details, be careful with your wording. Without a cushion phrase, you might sound like you are “doubting” the other person or “interrogating” them.
| Phrase (Japanese) | Nuance & Usage |
| 念のため確認ですが | Used when you assume the person already knows, but you want to double-check just to be sure. |
| 失礼ですが /恐れ入りますが | Used when asking for personal information, such as a name or contact details. |
| 私の理解不足で申し訳ないのですが | A humble way to ask for clarification. It signals “I’m the one who doesn’t understand,” rather than “Your explanation was unclear.” |
Always place the cushion phrase at the beginning of the sentence.
- 【NO】会議の資料を送ってください、お忙しいところ恐縮ですが。
- 【OK】お忙しいところ恐縮ですが、会議の資料をお送りいただけますでしょうか。
Sample Emails Using Cushion Phrases
Now that you’ve learned the basics, let’s look at how to structure an actual email.
Requests
Example: When you need to ask someone to hurry due to your own circumstances.
件名: 資料修正のお願い
〇〇様
いつもお世話になっております。○○です。
この度は、一点お願いがありご連絡いたしました。
ご多忙の中恐れ入りますが、先日お送りいただいた資料ですが、一部修正をお願いしたく存じます。
急なお願いで大変恐縮ですが、本日17時までにご対応いただくことは可能でしょうか。
お手数をおかけいたしますが、何卒よろしくお願い申し上げます。
By using phrases like “ご多忙の中“ (in the midst of your busy schedule), “急なお願いで大変恐縮ですが” (I am deeply sorry for the short notice, but…), and “お手数をおかけしますが” (I apologize for the extra trouble), you can effectively convey two things: your sincere regret for rushing them and your polite request for their immediate assistance.
Declines
Example: How to politely decline a request from a business partner or colleague.
件名: ご提案いただいたプロジェクトの件につきまして
〇〇様
いつもお世話になっております。○○です。
先日は貴重なご提案をいただき、誠にありがとうございました。
社内で慎重に検討いたしました結果、誠に残念ながら、今回は見送らせていただくこととなりました。
せっかくのお申し出にお応えできず、大変心苦しいのですが、何卒ご理解いただけますようお願いいたします。
また機会がありましたら、その際はどうぞよろしくお願いいたします。
The email begins with an expression of gratitude toward the recipient, followed by a polite refusal using cushion phrases to show consideration for their feelings.
By concluding with the phrase “if there is another opportunity,” the email becomes an even more courteous and professional refusal.
Follow-ups
Example: request a response when you haven’t heard back from someone.
Instead of accusing them of not replying, the focus is on “checking the status” of the matter.
件名: 【再送】お見積書の確認につきまして
〇〇様
お世話になっております。○○です。
お忙しいところ恐縮ですが、先日お送りした見積書の件、その後の進捗はいかがでしょうか。
行き違いで既にご対応いただいておりましたら、申し訳ございません。
大変恐れ入りますが、お手すきの際にご返信をいただけますと幸いです。
Using the phrase “「行き違い」(in case our emails crossed)” shows consideration for the recipient by acknowledging you might have missed their reply.
Key Points to Remember
Since you understand the importance of “cushion phrases” (softeners), be careful not to fall into these common traps.
Overuse
Even when trying to be polite, using too many softeners in a single email is not recommended.
It’s best to save them for “important requests” or as a “closing remark.”
Also, be cautious about using them when they aren’t actually necessary, as it can make your message unclear.
Over-apologizing
Constantly saying 「申し訳ございませんが」 or 「すみませんが」 can give the impression that you are always at fault, which might negatively affect your professional image.
Use 「申し訳ございませんが」only when you are truly apologizing or causing significant inconvenience.
Otherwise, using phrases like 「恐れ入りますが」 is more appropriate.
- 恐れ入りますが、ご確認のほどよろしくお願いします。: “Thank you for your kind assistance with this matter.”
- 恐れ入りますが、ご対応いただきますようお願い申し上げます。: “I would appreciate your support in resolving this.”
Mismatched Context
Using a softener that doesn’t fit the situation can confuse the recipient
.For example, saying 「私の理解不足で恐縮ですが、ご確認のほどよろしくお願いします。」(I apologize for my lack of understanding, but please check this)when you clearly understand the situation makes no sense.
While it’s fine to use phrases found online or through AI, always make sure they actually match the context of your email.
Conclusion
In this article, we’ve explored the role and usage of “cushion phrases” in business emails.
At first, you might feel that there are too many phrases to memorize, or that they make your messages sound a bit roundabout.
However, these phrases are more than just “etiquette rules.” They are a powerful way to show respect and convey the message: “I value our partnership and want to work smoothly with you.
“Cushion phrases play a vital role in softening the impact of your requests and building long-term trust.
Simply adding that “A small touch of thoughtfulness” can significantly change how people respond to you.
Try incorporating these phrases into your emails starting tomorrow to build smoother, more trusting relationships in the Japanese business world.
To help you overcome these challenges, mailun-lab offers specialized learning materials for Japanese business email writing.

[What You’ll Achieve]
- Draft & edit faster
- Communicate with confidence
- Build lasting trust.
If you found this helpful, feel free to explore our other articles below:https://mailun-lab.com/en/business-japanese-email-materials/
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